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Invasive Meningococcal Disease

Rapid Review: What are the risk factors for invasive meningococcal disease?
Several factors may be associated with increased risk of IMD, but findings are limited by low certainty evidence. Evidence for the risk of colonization by Neisseria meningitis is more robust, and points to age, sex, crowding and several behaviours associated with increased risk.
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Wildfires Air Filtration

Rapid Review: What effect does using indoor air filtration or air cleaning during combustion-derived air pollution episodes have on human health endpoints?
The evidence is uncertain whether air filtration during combustion-derived air pollution episodes, such as wildfires, has an effect on health.
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Wildfires Masks

Rapid Review: What effect does wearing a face mask during combustion-derived air pollution episodes have on human health endpoints?
There is a lack of published evidence on the effects of mask-wearing on health during combustion-derived air pollution episodes, such as wildfires.
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School Engagement

Rapid Review: What is the effect of school-based strategies or interventions that promote elementary and secondary student and caregiver engagement?
Involving students in leadership roles, restorative justice programs, and inclusivity-focused programs are promising strategies to boost school engagement. Evidence is less clear for the impact of socio-emotional learning, behavioural and mental health-focused interventions: this is likely to change as more evidence becomes available.
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Social Determinants of Mental Health

Rapid Review: What national or population-level interventions or policies that address the social determinants of mental health have an effect on mental health and well-being?
Expanded gender equality, social welfare and security, economic, and migration policies may have a positive impact on mental health and well-being, however the evidence base for population-level interventions addressing the social determinants of mental health is small and of overall low certainty.
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Weight Stigma

Rapid Review: What is known about the experience of weight bias and/or stigma, and how does it influence health outcomes?
Experiencing weight stigma in healthcare may lead to shame, lower self-esteem, depression, anxiety and reduced quality of care. It may also influence the link between larger body size and negative physiological and psychological outcomes and poor quality of life.
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Body Size and Health Outcomes

Rapid Umbrella Review: What is the relationship between body size and health outcomes?
Research shows that a larger body size may be associated with some negative health outcomes; however, this is not universal across populations, health outcomes or measures of body size.
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Wildfires

Rapid Review: What is the evidence for the effectiveness of public health interventions, and their potential unintended consequences, to reduce the direct and indirect health impacts of exposure to wildfires, including wildfire smoke and combined heat-wildfire smoke events?
There is limited evidence evaluating the effectiveness of public health interventions on reducing impacts of exposure to wildfires and their smoke: air cleaning systems likely improve indoor air quality during wildfire events, but there is some evidence of harmful impacts of executing evacuation orders and staying indoors.
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Core Competencies

Rapid Review: What is known about the implementation and evaluation of core competencies for public health, and what are barriers or facilitators for implementation?
Core competencies in public health have been implemented in various educational and workforce contexts, with supporting strategies and examples available. Little is known about the impact of core competencies on the public health workforce, although a small number of low-to-moderate quality studies show that educational and workplace interventions based on core competency frameworks can improve the competencies of students and public health professionals.
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Surveillance Innovations

Rapid Review: What are the latest innovations in public health surveillance methods, including novel methods, novel data sources, dissemination/communication, and approaches to surveillance?
The literature for public health surveillance innovations reflects advancements in technology and shows resourcefulness and ingenuity. This scoping review explores 834 articles describing innovative methods and the potential implications of these methods from ethical, legal, security and equity perspectives.
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Community Granting Programs

Rapid Review: What is known about how the components of community granting programs impact mobilization of community-driven health promotion?
Community granting programs support community-driven projects that address priority needs. These programs work and can mobilize community-driven health promotion.
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Nutrition and Cancer Prevention

Rapid Review: What are effective policy and program initiatives to increase healthy eating and/or decrease unhealthy eating for cancer prevention?
Healthy diets can reduce the risk of developing several types of cancer. Policy has been shown to be an effective strategy for promoting healthier eating.
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The role of public health working with shelters to serve people experiencing homelessness

Rapid Scoping Review: What is known about the role of public health in working with shelters serving people experiencing homelessness?
Shelters serving people experiencing homelessness work collaboratively with public health on many topics.
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Strategies to implement EIDM

Rapid Review: What is known about strategies to implement evidence-informed practice at an organizational level?
Common strategies for implementing evidence-informed decision making (EIDM) or evidence-informed practices (EIP) at organizations include establishing specialized roles, providing staff education and training, developing processes or mechanisms to support new practices, and demonstrating leadership support.
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Physical activity and cancer prevention

Rapid Review: What are effective policy and program initiatives to increase physical activity and/or reduce sedentary time for cancer prevention?
This report explores the effectiveness of policy-focused initiatives including active transportation, effective urban design, sport and recreation, school environments and public education.
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